Friday, 16 September 2011
Monday, 12 September 2011
Example of blended delivery in Pharmacy
A Pharmacy Preregistration Course Using Online Teaching and Learning Methods
Rohan A. Elliott, BPharm, MClinPharm,
aDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, Monash University
Abstract
Objective
To design and evaluate a preregistration course utilizing asynchronous online learning as the primary distance education delivery method.
Design
Online course components including tutorials, quizzes, and moderated small-group asynchronous case-based discussions were implemented. Online delivery was supplemented with self-directed and face-to-face learning.
Assessment
Pharmacy graduates who had completed the course in 2004 and 2005 were surveyed. The majority felt they had benefited from all components of the course, and that online delivery provided benefits including increased peer support, shared learning, and immediate feedback on performance. A majority of the first cohort reported that the workload associated with asynchronous online discussions was too great. The course was altered in 2005 to reduce the online component. Participant satisfaction improved, and most felt that the balance of online to face-to-face delivery was appropriate.
Conclusion
A new pharmacy preregistration course was successfully implemented. Online teaching and learning was well accepted and appeared to deliver benefits over traditional distance education methods once workload issues were addressed.
This has a useful description of the course design and e-moderator activities. It has realistic outcomes that tend to show the level of workload as a factor in online delivery.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2739060/
Friday, 9 September 2011
support guide for external blogging students
Hi Fellow Blogger
We would like to make sure are fully informed about blogging practices and recognise all the benefits and issues.
Here is a quick overview of the kind of issues you need to be aware of. We are doing this so that you are aware of all the possible issues that could be raised with building content out in the wider world. We don’t want to take away your creativity or enjoyment of these types of spaces.
Appropriateness of Content.
What kind of content should be included in a public blog space? Photographs and private information? Consider what you are revealing to the wider world before committing to posting a post or comment.
Flaming
Use settings on blogs that try to mitigate against malicious commenting about particular individuals, students and staff on sites. Such as moderating comments before they are posted on your site and building a positive supportive community of bloggers.
Ownership
Some sites have different policies of ownership, meaning that by placing your work on a particular site you are handing out some of your ownership rights to that content. E.g. Tumblr do not claim any rights over your work, while Posterous claims some rights while that content is on their site, once you remove the content they lose this ownership.
Longevity of Content. Even though you can remove content, copies of any of the content may have been made by other individuals
Backing Up Content
Where content is meant for a summative assignment, have to understand that you will need to take responsibility for backing up content in case the site losses or is down during the marking period
Watermarking Images
Images of your work could be downloaded from sites and used without consent. This is very difficult to prevent but by using small image files and watermarking images the chance of this happening can be reduced. http://picmarkr.com/ can help you do this.
Using other peoples content without permission
If you have taken the time to write an interesting post, upload something and shared it, you would probably be annoyed to see this on someone else site where it is claimed to be theirs. Always use links or embed videos or images rather than copy without showing where you got that content.
Thursday, 8 September 2011
Clicker experimental study to measure learning difference between traditional and clicker sessions
What can be done to improve student engagement and learning in college lectures? One approach is
to ask questions that students answer during the lecture. In two lab experiments, students received a
25-slide PowerPoint lecture in educational psychology that included four inserted multiple-choice
questions (questioning group) or four corresponding statements (control group). Students in the
questioning group used a personal response system (PRS), in which they responded to questions
using a hand-held remote control, saw a graph displaying the percentage of students voting for each
answer, and heard the teacher provide an explanation for the correct answer. Students in the control
group received the corresponding slide as a statement and heard the teacher provide an explanation.
The questioning group outperformed the control group on a retention test in Experiment 1 (d¼1.23)
and on a transfer test in Experiment 2 (d¼0.74), but not on other tests. The results are consistent with
a generative theory of learning, and encourage the appropriate use of questioning as an instructional
method.
Questioning as an Instructional Method: Does it Affect
Learning from Lectures?
JULIE CAMPBELL and RICHARD E. MAYER*
University of California, Santa Barbara, USA
APPLIED COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY
Appl. Cognit. Psychol. 23: 747–759 (2009)
Wednesday, 7 September 2011
What happens to students after they arrive at university?
Betwixt spaces: student accounts of turning point experiences in the
first-year transition Studies in Higher Education 39
Mark Palmer, Paula O’Kane and Martin Owens
Abstract
‘Not belonging’ is becoming a prevalent theme within accounts of the first-year
student experience at university. In this study the notion of not belonging is
extended by assuming a more active role for the idea of liminality in a student’stransition into the university environments of academic and student life. In doing so, the article suggests that the transition between one place (home) and another (university) can result in an ‘in-between-ness’ – a betwixt space. Through an interpretative methodology, the study explores how students begin to move from this betwixt space into feeling like fully-fledged members of university life. It is concluded that there is a wide range of turning points associated with the students’ betwixt transition, which shapes, alters or indeed accentuates the ways in which they make meaningful connections with university life. Moreover, transitional turning point experiences reveal a cast of characters and symbolic objects; capture contrasting motivations and evolving relationships; display multiple trajectories of interpersonal tensions and conflicts; highlight discontinuities as well as continuities; and together, simultaneously liberate and constrain the students’ transition into university life.
List of full changes Harvey,
Drew, and Smith (2006, 13)
· performance and retention: predicting success; assessing performance; withdrawal and retention;
· factors influencing performance and persistence: institutional, personal and external;
· support for the first year: induction, adjustment and skill support;
· learning and teaching: new techniques for first-year groups and first-year learning behaviour.
The authors say you can look at this problem from a structural point of view by providing supporting processes that make this transition easier. But in the end these are individuals making a great change to their lives, the sense of belonging that we want them to develop doesn’t come easily and is highly individualised.
The method first teaches the participants about the concepts then gathers data on experiences and then late asks further reflection on those answers.
There are some really interesting data gathering processes here. Asking for 10 words that summerise feelings, or asking students to filling thought bubbles in cartoons relating to experience.
They used Strauss and Corbin’s (1990) interpretation of grounded theory which allows themes to emerge during the research but not with out influence from literature, and they used Gibb’s (2002) process to code the data 3 successive ways.
Turning points are – within 6-8 weeks of starting and trigger or result in greater feelings of belonging or not belonging.
Wilcox, Winn, and Fyvie-Gauld [2005]
for an overview of government funded projects in this area
Tuesday, 6 September 2011
MBA online 'case studies' example - Dr Bonk strikes again
A review of case-based learning practices in an online MBA program: A program-level case study.
Authors: Seung-hee Lee1 seunglee@dima.ac.kr
Jieun Lee2 jieunlee@kw.ac.kr
Xiaojing Liu3 xliu@indiana.edu
Bonk, Curt J.4 cjbonk@indiana.edu
Magjuka, Richard J.5 rmagjuka@iupui.edu
Source: Journal of Educational Technology & Society; Jul2009, Vol. 12 Issue 3, p178-190, 13p, 1 Chart
Abstract: This study examines how a case-based learning approach was used and facilitated in online business education. Perceptions of students and instructors regarding the practices of case-based learning in online environments are explored in terms of instructional design, facilitation, and technology support. This study finds case-based learning to be a valuable instructional method for online business students who practice authentic problem solving by applying what they learned. The study demonstrates that case-based learning in many of the online courses analyzed in this study was implemented in a similar way to traditional classrooms (e.g., cases in text delivery format, individual case studies, or case discussions). It addresses the issues of integration of diversified technological tools for pedagogical facilitation of case-based activities and developing multimedia cases in order to enhance student involvement and engagement in understanding contexts embedded in cases toward solutions from multifaceted aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Persistent link to this record (Permalink): http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=44110957&site=ehost-live
Database: Academic Search Complete
| Department: | MidWestern US Uni |
| Class/Course: | MBA (online) |
| Students: | 109 students |
| Technology: | VLE discussion board with ‘case based’ textural scenarios + some video + media (supporting online textural theoretical resources |
| Assessment Activities: | Group online case-based work |
| Efficiencies: | This study did not concentrate on this issue. However, there was strong implication that this was common to f2f practice on this course, so it was easy to adapt pre-existing resources. |
| Learning Gains: | Little evidence beyond perceptions, but students did recognise that this was a very effective method of applying new knowledge |
Purpose
Was to review current practice and develop in this area of practice at the university
Research method
interview with staff and a small number of students. Survey of 108 students
Issues
Cases are hard to update in order to rule out cross cohort cheating
Interesting use of very short (3 hour online) summative group activites
A CSCL Approach to Blended Learning in the Integration of Technology in Teaching.
Authors: Jones, Michael1 mjones@uow.edu.au
Source: Interdisciplinary Journal of E-Learning & Learning Objects; 2010, Vol. 6, p103-113, 11p, 4 Charts
Abstract: This paper presents a case study of a blended learning design where technology was integrated into a second year management subject in an attempt to increase student flexibility and interest while simultaneously delivering commercially valuable skills. Specifically, the study will evaluate the effectiveness of this move to a blended learning model of delivery and the use of social networking tools in aiding student learning. The technologies were designed to enhance the learning experience of students by providing an opportunity to work in small groups to collaborate on a group submission based on an authentic workplace scenario. Tasks were also designed to allow students to discuss their group project both synchronously, using a chat tool, and asynchronously, using discussions in the eLearning space. The success of this blended learning design is reported through analysis of the results from a student survey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Academic Search CompleteFull Text Database:
| Department: | University of Wollongong (Aus) |
| Class/Course: | Management |
| Students: | Level 5 |
| Technology: | VLE, Google Docs, Google Chat – homework tasks using these tool in between each F2F session |
| Assessment Activities: | Series of group tasks set for 3 hours, 50% group answer, 25% presentation, 25% use of technology |
| Efficiencies: | Online tasks replaced some lectures |
| Learning Gains: | Student perception of an increase – 83% more convenient and flexible 74% saw it as gaining valuable skills 70% improvement in team work However only 39% found the subject enjoyable |
Purpose
Authentic assessment
Prepared for work environment
Maintain student interest
Challenging Tasks
Research method
Case Study – survey with open questions, analysis of task design using theory
Issues
Students and staff wanted to keep f2f
Stress from sudden increase in workload
Group issues including lack of skills and needs to allocate roles
Anonymous peer assessment increases level of criticality and number of suggestions
Anonymity to Promote Peer Feedback: Pre-Service Teachers' Comments in Asynchronous Computer-Mediated Communication.
Authors: Howard, Craig D.1
Barrett, Andrew F.1
Frick, Theodore W.1
Source: Journal of Educational Computing Research; 2010, Vol. 43 Issue 1, p89-112, 24p, 2 Black and White Photographs, 4 Charts
Abstract: In this quasi-experimental case study, we compared five sections of a basic undergraduate technology course. Within an asynchronous web forum, pre-service teachers wrote short critiques of websites designed by their classmates. This peer feedback was provided anonymously by students in two classes (n = 35) whereas providers and recipients of peer feedback were identified by their real names in three other classes (n = 37). Computer-mediated discourse analysis methods (Herring, 2004) were used to code student written comments according to substance and tone of feedback. Next, we estimated likelihoods of specific feedback patterns through Analysis of Patterns in Time (Frick, 1990). Results indicated that students who were anonymous were approximately five times more likely to provide substantively critical feedback than were those whose identities were known to their recipients. When feedback was given anonymously, students were approximately four times more likely to provide reasons for needed improvement to a website, and then to suggest design alternatives. In light of advantages afforded by this form of pseudonymity, we conclude with a discussion of pedagogical prescriptions for supporting learners' production of feedback. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Education Research Complete
| Department: | MidWestern American Uni |
| Class/Course: | Technology Course |
| Students: | 35 (level not given) |
| Technology: | Wiki with anonymous comment tool |
| Assessment Activities: | Peer evaluation |
| Efficiencies: | This was an experiment based study looking at the effects of allowing comments from peer review. |
| Learning Gains: | Comments left anonymously were more likely to leave feedback, were more critical but also were 4X more likely to leave suggestions for improvements. |
Issues
Students sometimes did leave “unwarranted negative comments”
All students knew that staff could use the system could identify them. So there was not complete anonymity
Example of blog used as learning portfolio
Introduction and Development of a Blog-Based Teaching Portfolio: A Case Study in a Pre-Service Teacher Education Programme.
Authors: Tang, Eunice1
Source: International Journal of Learning; 2009, Vol. 16 Issue 8, p89-100, 12p, 3 Charts, 6 Graphs
Abstract: In this presentation, a blog-based e-learning environment and learning community for preservice language teachers will be introduced. After 2 years of development, Platforms for Language Teacher Education (PLaTE) is set up with the aims of providing academic and professional support to students, graduates and teaching professionals through a variety of online reference and learning tools. PLaTE includes: 1.databases of self-developed teaching and learning materials and videos of exemplar teaching, available at English Teacher Education on the Net (ETENet) and Chinese Teacher Education on the Net (CTENet); 2.online platforms for exchanges of insights on current issues of language teaching, available at Netter and Bo Yu; and, 3.blog-based teaching portfolios of students. The blog-based Teaching Portfolio was first introduced to Year 3 and Year 4 BEd. in Language Education (English) undergraduate students at the Faculty of Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong in the academic year 2007-2008. The aim of setting up the blog is to promote reflective, collaborative and dialogic environment for academic and professional development. Student teachers were expected to take active participation in the blog during their practicum to upload their lesson plans, reflections and video-taped lessons, initiate discussion and exchange views. An end of practicum survey showed that the new initiative was well-received and supported by the students. In this presentation, we will present: 1.the objectives and design of PLaTE ; 2.results of the survey on blog-based Teaching Portfolio; and, 3.the pedagogical implications of blog-based Teaching Portfolio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Education Research Complete
| Department: | Chinese University of Hong Kong |
| Class/Course: | Language Teachers |
| Students: | 105 preservice language teachers, years 3-4 BEd |
| Technology: | Blog (teaching portfolio) + Learning Resources |
| Assessment Activities: | 20% of final mark on blog activity |
| Efficiencies: | This is an enhancement rather than focused on efficiency |
| Learning Gains: | Results were ‘well received’ by students Students self reported a rise in reflection skills |
Purpose
To:
Promote reflection
Collaborative + dialogue discussion
Upload lesson plans – reflections + videos of lessons – then discuss
Research method
The Intervention
Students uploaded various items over the year to the blog. They were encouraged to interact and comment on each others (details of this are not included)
Issues
Students complained about the workload, they had not been asked to do this type of activity on any other module.
Some issues in students using the blog tool
Friday, 2 September 2011
Example of podcasts created by pairs of staff members rather than individually
Podcasting to support students using a business simulation
Audio or video podcasts can be a useful tool to supplement practical exercises such as business simulations. In this paper, we discuss a case study in which different types of podcast were utilised to support the delivery of a course in international business. The students work in groups and run a fictional company using business simulation software, which gives them the opportunity to evaluate their decision making skills. A number of podcasts were used as reusable learning objects for different student cohorts. Faculty members produced visually enhanced audio podcasts offering tutor discussions of key elements of the computer-assisted business simulation used by the students. The podcasts were made available via the virtual learning environment (Blackboard Vista), as well as for subscription by web browser-based RSS readers, such as Google and downloadable RSS readers, such as iTunes. Our evaluation of this approach to using podcasts takes into account pedagogic and technical issues. Firstly, faculty members involved in this case study were interviewed to obtain their views and experiences on the process of producing podcasts as well as the suitability of podcasts to support their teaching. Secondly, students were surveyed and interviewed about the value of the podcasts and the way in which they were used. This work is on-going and initial informal student feedback indicates that the podcasts engaged the students and supported their understanding of the international business module. This paper presents a snapshot of the current findings which generally support the value of this innovative way of using podcasting for learning and teaching.
ISSN:1479-4403 Reference: (2009) Podcasting to Support Students Using a Business Simulation. Electronic Journal of e-Learning, 7 (3) December, pp.203-211. Item type:Journal article Published status:Published Official URI:http://www.ejel.org/volume7/issue3 Refereed status:Refereed Deposited on:30th June 2011, 17:06 Author:; Publisher:Management Centre International Limited Deposited by:Nick Sheppard Linked Resource:
Podcasting to support students using a business simulation
| Department: | Leeds Met | |||
| Class/Course: | Business Studies (International) | |||
| Students: | 2nd years to start with expanding to all 2 years (700) students in total | |||
| Technology: | Media Enhanced Podcasts | |||
| Assessment Activities: | Not stated | |||
| Efficiencies: | This is an enhancement rather than focused on efficiency | |||
| Learning Gains: | Flexibility in delivery – students could extend study beyond classroom activity Greater range of methods of delivery
|
Purpose
To support a classroom based business simulation games by demonstrating how the game connects with theory. Extend learning beyond classroom
Research method
Interviews with staff. Survey of all students + focus group with 10 students.
Issues
Students listened to them online rather than as ‘true’ podcasts.
Staff are worried that this only supports the students who are engaged.
Need to think about how they connect with other activities
Example
Teams that Discuss more more online produce more successful outcomes - findings from DEGREE OF ONLINE COLLABORATION AND TEAM PERFORMANCE
DEGREE OF ONLINE COLLABORATION AND TEAM PERFORMANCE: A Case Study.
Authors: Thompson, Ling1 lthompso@regis.edu
Heng-Yu Ku2
Source: Quarterly Review of Distance Education; Summer2010, Vol. 11 Issue 2, p127-134, 8p, 2 Charts
Abstract: This case study investigated the relationship between degree of online collaboration and quality of group project among four teams. Thirteen participants were randomly assigned to form 4 teams to work on 4 collaborative projects across 16 weeks. Two different data sources of discussion archives and quality of group projects were collected and analyzed. Results indicated that there was a strong relationship between the degree of online collaboration and the quality of group projects.
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Database: Academic Search Complete
Notes
This is a very small study looking at how online collaboration on team projects work. The conclusion is not surprisingly is if they talk more online then they achieve better outcomes, and the recommendation is to encourage this within teams.
Interesting wiki writing process- A Collective Case Study of Online Interaction Patterns in Text Revisions.
A Collective Case Study of Online Interaction Patterns in Text Revisions.
Authors: Yu-Fen Yang1 yangy@yuntech.edu.tw
Shan-Pi Wu1
Source: Journal of Educational Technology & Society; Apr2011, Vol. 14 Issue 2, p1-15, 15p
Abstract: Learning happens through interaction with others. The purpose of this study is to investigate how online interaction patterns affect students' text revisions. As a sample, 25 undergraduate students were recruited to play multiple roles as writers, editors, and commentators in online text revisons. In playing different roles, they chose to read peer writers' texts, edit peer writers' errors, evaluate peer editors' suggestions and corrections, and finally rewrite their own texts. Students' choices of actions in the system to interact with their peers for the common goal of text improvement were identified as interaction patterns in this study. Results of this study revealed significant differences in students' interaction patterns and their final texts. The interaction pattern of students who made both local (grammatical corrections) and global (the development, organization, and style of texts) revisions was an extensive and reciprocal process. The interaction pattern of students who made only local revisions was almost a one-way process. Based on these interaction patterns, we suggest that teachers encourage low-participating students to engage in interactions with their peers by showing the benefits of peers' text revisions in the final drafts. Providing necessary assistance and guidance to low-participating students is essential, given their difficulties in writing texts, editing peer writers' texts, and evaluating peer editors' suggestions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Academic Search Complete
| Department: | Not known |
| Class/Course: | English as a foreign language |
| Students: | 25 students in a experimental design conditions |
| Technology: | Wiki |
| Assessment Activities: | Not stated |
| Efficiencies: | |
| Learning Gains: | The wiki process is interesting cycle of changing roles. The movement of students from Writing (submitting text) to Editor (checking text, making changes) to Reviewer (seeing what has been suggested by peers to one’s own writing) |
Purpose
These students were developing their language skills. The experiment showed that the decrease in errors from the peer feedback was not just the individuals rewrites, but due the developing understanding from the student taking on these different roles
Research method
experimental study
Issues
Struggling students needed more support because of their lack of skills.
Example
Thursday, 1 September 2011
Using a blended approach to facilitate postgraduate supervision.
Using a blended approach to facilitate postgraduate supervision.
Authors: de Beer, Marie1
Mason, Roger B.2
Source: Innovations in Education & Teaching International; May2009, Vol. 46 Issue 2, p213-226, 14p, 1 Black and White Photograph, 3 Diagrams, 1 Chart
Abstract: This paper explores the feasibility of using a blended approach to postgraduate research-degree supervision. Such a model could reduce research supervisors' workloads and improve the quality and success of Masters and Doctoral students' research output. The paper presents a case study that is based on a framework that was originally designed for blended learning activities. It is based on supporting different types of interaction between postgraduate research students and their supervisors. The findings show that a blended approach to postgraduate supervision improves the supervision process, reduces the administrative workload of the supervisor, and creates a dynamic record of the supervision process. The results to date imply that traditional supervision practice needs to be revisited and modified to include digital procedures. The research project is in its infancy and, since at least three years is necessary for the completion of postgraduate degrees, this paper reports only on the first two stages of the research project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Education Research Complete
| Department: | |
| Class/Course: | Postgraduate Research |
| Students: | 14 initially (research is on going) 3 yrs of intake now in Blended learning |
| Technology: | VLE and email (track changes in word |
| Assessment Activities: | Currently this is now a series of formative task completed and the student submits and receives feedback on sections of research |
| Efficiencies: | No increase in workload, time saved is reinvested in providing range of support |
| Learning Gains: | It is better for non English speaking students, they felt closer to academic, more meaningful intervention They like the 24/7 aspect Better for audit trail for both parties – less misconceptions Externals and auditors of course find it more transparent |
Purpose
Seen as a way to deal with administrative burden
Currently supervisior meetings with student are on the most part not recorded, this does not help both parties to see the progress and learn from the full experience of the supervisor meetings
Research method
Qualitative
Issues
Students don’t use all the learning resources (there are plans the first activity will involve activie understanding of roles and duties rather than passively allow them to read these if they want
Need to build trust at the beginning
Example
A CASE STUDY OF EELEARNING: Using Technology to Create and Facilitate Experiential Learning.
A CASE STUDY OF EELEARNING: Using Technology to Create and Facilitate Experiential Learning.
Authors: Murphrey, Theresa Pest1 t-murphrey@tamu.edu
Source: Quarterly Review of Distance Education; Winter2010, Vol. 11 Issue 4, p211-221, 11p
Abstract: This study used a case study methodology to document an example of how technology was used to engage students in an experiential eLearning (eeLearning) process in order to enhance student learning, student engagement, course relevance, and interaction in an undergraduate course delivered online. While online course delivery has become an accepted and common practice over the past years, creating experiential eeLearning requires unique strategies and approaches. Using computer programs that encourage creativity and experiential learning can facilitate the learning process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Education Research Complete
| Department: | Texas A+M Uni |
| Class/Course: | Instructional Design (online) |
| Students: | 22 students |
| Technology: | Camtasia – Centra, Snagit (screen capture) |
| Assessment Activities: | 15% participation, 20% quiz, 20% learning logs, 15% online presentation, 30% course assignment |
| Efficiencies: | Harder to cheat, able to see the students preparation and activitiy |
| Learning Gains: | Online interaction Encouraged ownership and experimental learning Space to be expressive and innovative in assessment |
Purpose
General movement to more facilitative teaching
To try out new tools
Research method
Student submission included non specific reflection on learning (Constant comparative analysis to find themes) Basics of Qualitative research corbin & strauss 2008 p73
reflection of teaching team.
Change:
Get students to presentation online as video via centra (students run an online webinar too.
Issue:
Student support for the use of different tools, more guides needed
Example